Ective registry studyProgrammed FET vs. natural FET: “Does the absence of a CL confer an increased risk of PE” Single and many PIH: AOR: 1.78 (1.26-2.51)Jing et al. (2019)Retrospective cohort study Multicentre (Swedish database) Single centre (China)Caspase Inhibitor manufacturer Ginstrom Ernstad et al. (2019)Retrospective cohort studyPIH: AOR: 1.78 (1.43-2.21)Wang et al. (2020)Retrospective cohort study Single centre (USA)PE: AOR: two.55 (two.06-3.16)von Versen-Hoynck et al. (2019) Multicentre (Japanese database)Potential cohort studyPE: AOR : three.55 (1.20-11.94)Saito et al. (2019)Retrospective cohort studyPIH: AOR: 1.43 (1.14-1.80)Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) involves gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. It is noteworthy, that the FET groups of some of these studies have included programmed FET cycles (absence of a CL), what could have driven the observed improved PE/PIH threat. Each and every group 96 singleton. ART: assisted reproductive technology; FET: frozen embryo transfer; ET: embryo transfer; PE: preeclampsia; AOR: adjusted odds ratio; RR: relative risk; CI: confidence interval.Pereira et al.Table II Comparison of ART protocols.Benefits Disadvantages Variants Notes No of CLs (ovulation status) Hormonal profile Adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomesProtocol overview…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Fresh ETMore expensive Multiple (ovulation stimulated)Corpus luteum and preeclampsiaLong history of achievement. Shorter procedure to attain pregnancy.”Placental abruption “Placenta previa “SGA “PEOvarian stimulation. Oocyte retrieval. Every day P for LP help starting on the day of oocyte retrieval until ten weeks following conception. Oocytes are inseminated 4-6 hours soon after follicular aspiration. Day-3 high-quality embryos are transferred.Risk of OHSS (excess NA follicle improvement). Calls for close monitoring. Medicines for ovarian stimulation or the resulting supraphysiologic reproductive hormones may alter endometrial receptivity.hCG E2 “P (early spike) “Relaxin “VEGF ” sFlt-1 PIGFFETAllows handy No CL (ovulation scheduling for ET. suppressed) Adverse effects associated with medicines.”PE “Postpartum haemorrhage “MacrosomiaOvarian stimulation. Oocyte retrieval. No LP support soon after oocyte retrieval. Oocytes are inseminated 4-6 hours following follicular aspiration. Day-3 embryos are cryopreserved for later transfer. Ovarian and endometrial recovery (“provides a fresh commence for both”).Facilitates elective single ET. Calcium Channel Antagonist custom synthesis Reduces OHSS Optimizes endometrial receptivity. Permits preimplantation genetics testing. Preservation of further (supernumerary) embryos.Prospective freezing and Programmed FET: thawing embryo dam- E2 for endometrial preparaage (e.g. epigenetic tion (day 2 or 3 in the 2nd modification). menstrual cycle soon after oocyte retrieval). Day-to-day P when the endometrial thickness !8 mm. On day 4 on the P regimen, day-3 frozen embryo is thawed and transferred. The LP is supported with E2 and P for endometrium preparation till 10 weeks right after conception.hCG E2 P ##Relaxin # VEGF (early pregnancy) “sFlt-1 PIGFEmployed in regu- Physiologic no of larly cycling CL (ovulation not girls. impacted) Needs frequent endocrine/US monitoring. Less cycle control and flexibility.Natural FET: 1)Modified natural cycle.
