Values, we detected negative or negligible not significant values for both
Values, we detected adverse or negligible not significant values for both ABTS (-0.155) and FRAP (0.098). Though pumpkins are regarded a superb source of carotenoids, the outcomes obtained in this study apparently seem to indicate that carotenoids usually do not play a major function inside the antioxidant capacity within the accessions chosen. It can be well-known that carotenoids are commonly really unstable molecules. For that reason, storage, sample preparation, and other unidentified factors could account for these not considerable correlation values [23,45]. On the other hand, it is attainable that the distinctive phytocompounds as discerned by the discriminant DMPO References terpenoids identified by the VIP method reported in Tables 1 and 2, on both the origin of your pumpkin accessions and on the two pumpkin species, respectively, could contribute towards the in vitro antioxidant capacity values reported. Notwithstanding the results obtained, carotenoids are regarded as highly effective antioxidants and as such can contribute towards the prevention of aging plus the improvement of some ailments which include atherosclerosis and also other cardiovascular diseases [42,44,46]. They’re able to also defend the eye and macula from degradation, with zeaxanthin getting the predominant carotenoid of your macula pigment and therefore critical for eye well being [47]. In our study, the results of carotenoid quantification on the pumpkin accessions show that they decreased inside the following order of concentration: -carotene -carotene zeaxanthin lutein. These 4 carotenoids were chosen since they may be one of the most widespread amongst the Cucurbitaceae loved ones [48]. The total carotenoids identified within the present study are equivalent to these reported in the literature for pumpkin items from C. maxima and C. moschata, for example in pumpkin pulp flour [23,49]. Interestingly, on comparing the pumpkin samples determined by their origin, we noticed that, generally, these of Serbian origin had been characterized by the presence of each -carotene and -carotene, even though in those of non-Serbian origin, the presence of -carotene and zeaxanthin was dominant. The results demonstrate that there is certainly higher diversity in carotenoid form and concentration inside the diverse Cucurbitaceae species and cultivars, and that is in accordance with several literature reports. By way of example, Kulczynski and Gramza-Michalowska [27] identified that lutein was essentially the most abundant carotenoid among 11 C. maxima cultivars, contrary to our benefits, where it was detected within the lowest quantity, whereas -carotene was probably the most abundant amongst the C. maxima cultivars in our study. Inside a earlier study by Kulaitiene et al. [50] on cultivars of your C. maxima species, lutein and zeaxanthin have been one of the most abundant carotenoids. Azevedo-Meleiro and Rodriguez-Amaya [10] also identified distinctive carotenoids, based on the pumpkin species and cultivar, with C. Olesoxime manufacturer moschata cultivars obtaining higher contents of -carotene also as -carotene and smaller amounts of lutein and neoxanthin. On cultivars of C. moschata species, both Norshazila et al. [51] and de Carvalho et al. [52] observed that -carotene was the predominant carotenoid. On the other hand, a study by Murkovic et al. [28]Antioxidants 2021, ten,13 ofshowed that -carotene was the most dominant carotenoid in most tested pumpkin varieties in both C. maxima and C. moschata fruits from Austria. The above discrepancies could rely on the environmental and expanding conditions (climate, soil, sowing, harvesting, storage). Nonetheless, when such things are limited as within the present study, the g.
