gation in rabbits. It might substantially inhibit platelet aggregation in vivo and in vitro, and features a certain inhibitory effect around the activation of your endogenous coagulation system. It might produce a synergistic anticoagulant impact with warfarin. Studies by Liu et al. (2000), Zang et al. (2007), and Zhang et al. (2013) showed that safflower yellow, the key active ingredient in Carthamus D2 Receptor Inhibitor Accession tinctorius L., can inhibit platelet adhesion, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) release and enhance the concentration of cost-free Ca2+ induced by platelet activating element, considerably increase blood coagulation function, and has anti-thrombotic effects. Zhang et al. (2016)research in rats showed that the Bradykinin B2 Receptor (B2R) Modulator custom synthesis combined use of Carthamus tinctorius L. and warfarin significantly prolonged PT worth and bleeding time, but has no effect on the blood concentration of warfarin. Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H. Chen (Sanqi): The dry radix et rhizome of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen has the effects of removing blood stasis, stopping bleeding, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain. Contemporary pharmacological effects incorporate hemostasis (promoting blood clotting), anti-thrombosis, promoting hematopoiesis, inhibiting the heart, expanding blood vessels, and lowering blood pressure. The key components of Panax notoginseng are total saponins (Panax notoginseng saponins, PNS). PNS mostly consists of Panax notoginseng saponin Rg1 and Panax notoginseng saponin Rb1. It’s broadly made use of in the clinical therapy of numerous cerebrovascular ailments. When combined with warfarin, it might enhance the peak concentration of warfarin to boost its anticoagulant impact, and substantially boost the PT worth and INR value of warfarin (p 0.05). The mechanism underlying the reduction of thrombosis can be via escalating the cAMP content material in platelets and minimizing thromboxane A-2 (TXA-2) (Xu et al., 1997). Thus, Panax notoginseng combined with warfarin may lead to elevated INR and various subcutaneous hemorrhage and ecchymosis. Shunaoxin Dripping Tablets: Shunaoxin Dripping Tablets are composed of Ligusticum chuanxiong and Angelica sinensis (42 mg/pill, Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd. Sixth Chinese Medicine Factory). They have the effects of regulating qi, advertising blood circulation, removing blood stasis and relieving discomfort. Research by Feng Bo (Feng et al., 2015) have shown that Shunaoxin Dripping Pills possess a sturdy anti-platelet aggregation impact in vitro, and with an increase in dose, the inhibition of platelet aggregation in vivo enhanced slightly. Shunaoxin Dripping Pills can substantially lower platelet aggregation induced by ADP and thrombin, and is positively correlated using the dose. Higher doses combined with warfarin can substantially prolong APTT, PT, and thrombin time (TT), suggesting that Shunaoxin Dripping tablets have the impact of anti-platelet aggregation, and high-dose mixture with warfarin can enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.Reduction of Warfarin Metabolism Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen): Wang et al. (2010a) studied human cells and showed that tanshinone I, tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone strongly inhibited CYP1A2, moderately inhibited CYP2C9, tanshinone I and cryptotanshinone, weakly inhibited CYP3A4, dihydrotanshinone and competitively inhibited CYP1A2 and CYP2C9, but had no impact on CYP3A4. Qiu et al. (2008), Wang (2015) investigated the effects of different elements of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge on the activity of cy
