Experiment. XD proposed and supervised the research, and supplied beneficial comments
Experiment. XD proposed and supervised the PTH, Human analysis, and provided useful comments around the manuscript. All authors read and authorized the manuscript.Neurofilament light polypeptide/NEFL Protein site ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe study was financially supported by National Organic Science Foundation of China (31330066 and 31521092) and China Agriculture Investigation System (CARS-27).CONCLUSIONThis study elucidates the expression traits of the LCYb1 promoter from citrus, as a result facilitating the understanding of theSUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALThe Supplementary Material for this short article can be discovered on the net at: journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2016.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 12051-12063; doi:10.3390/ijmsOPEN ACCESSInternational Journal ofMolecular SciencesISSN 1422-0067 www.mdpi/journal/ijms Article1,8-Cineole Ameliorates Steatosis of Pten Liver Precise KO Mice via Akt InactivationSoichiro Murata 1,, Koichi Ogawa 1, Takashi Matsuzaka two, Mitsuru Chiba 3, Ken Nakayama 1, Kenichi Iwasaki 1, Tomohiro Kurokawa 1, Naoki Sano 1, Tomohito Tanoi 1 and Nobuhiro OhkohchiDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; E-Mails: [email protected] (K.O.); kenken.nakayama@gmail (K.N.); [email protected] (K.I.); yuuhaku@gmail (T.K.); sanuuuh19@gmail (N.S.); tomohito316@hotmail (T.T.); [email protected] (N.O.) Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; E-Mail: [email protected] Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Healthcare Life Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan; E-Mail: [email protected] Author to whom correspondence ought to be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-29-853-3221; Fax: +81-29-853-3222. Academic Editor: Johannes Haybaeck Received: 1 April 2015 / Accepted: 15 May 2015 / Published: 27 MayAbstract: Hepatocyte-specific Phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten)-knockout (KO) mice exhibit hepatic lesions analogous to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). 1,8-cineole is often a monoterpene oxide and it has quite a few biological effects like hepatoprotective effects. Within this study we revealed that 1,8-cineole ameliorates NASH of Pten KO mice. Pten KO mice have been assigned to a manage group with no any medication or to a 1,8-cineole group injected with 50 mg/kg i.p. twice per week for eight weeks. At eight weeks, livers from each and every group were processed to measure triglyceride (TG) content material, gene expression analysis, western blot evaluation, and histological examination like Oil red O staining. 1,8-cineole ameliorated hepatic steatosis in Pten KO mice, revealed by TG content material and Oil red O staining. Additionally, 1,8-cineole downregulated collagen 1a1 expression andInt. J. Mol. Sci. 2015,improved liver fibrosis. Hence, 1,8-cineole has possible as a candidate to treat NASH by inactivating the Akt/PI3-kinase pathway. Keywords: 1,8-cineole; NASH; PTEN; Akt; LXR alpha1. Introduction Non-alcoholic fatty liver illness (NAFLD) is characterized by triglyceride (TG) accumulation in hepatocytes devoid of chronic alcohol consumption. NAFLD will be the most typical reason for liver dysfunction [1]. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe kind of NAFLD, which can be accompanied by cellular damage, inflammation, and fibrosis. NASH is becoming a significant public overall health problem worldwide. NASH usually progresses to liver cirrhosis and in some cases hepatocellul.
